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The first two show up only with `wrap: always` or `wrap: never`, and they are the only ones C hits.","## Known bugs that change meaning","- An emphasis mark right after a `*` is `_`. Prettier writes `*`, which merges into `***` and nests the other way.","- Link targets and definitions stay as written where Prettier's form would read differently: unbalanced parentheses, `<`, `>`, a backslash, text that decodes as an entity, or a title with `(` in parentheses.","- An indented continuation line that would open a fence, a thematic break, or an HTML block joins the line before. Prettier keeps the line break there, which changes the document.","- Collapsing spaces, trimming code line ends, keeping HTML beside a paragraph or HTML block, and keeping HTML indents apply to every preset, not only Prettier's: all are layout, and none changes how the document parses.","- Collapsing spaces, trimming code line ends, and keeping HTML beside a paragraph or HTML block apply to every preset, not only Prettier's: all three are layout, and none changes how the document parses.","- HTML blocks in a task item keep their indent. Prettier indents their lines after the first past the task box, and adds 4 more spaces on every pass.","- Setext headings become ATX. Prettier 3.9 keeps setext.","Kept on purpose:","4. A code span over two lines in a list item or quote: Prettier writes the second line with no indent and no `>`. That still parses the same but reads worse, so it isn't planned.","3. Footnote definitions: Prettier keeps the text on the `[^1]:` line only for one paragraph that is on one line (or with `wrap: never`). Otherwise the text starts on the next line, indented 4.","2. Tables: Prettier doesn't pad a row with fewer cells than the header. A `|` inside a code span in a cell splits the cell in GFM, and the two tools write the pieces differently.","1. Hugo and Liquid templates (bootstrap): Prettier parses `{{ }}` and `{% %}` as their own nodes, keeps their paragraph lines as written, and puts no blank line around them.","6. `isAligned` ignores Prettier's `hasIndentedCodeblock` case. The corpus doesn't hit it.","5. Footnote definitions with more than one line: Prettier starts the text on the next line, indented 4.","4. A code span over two lines in a list item or quote: Prettier writes the second line with no indent and no `>`.","3. A list item followed by a blank line: Prettier puts a blank line between all blocks in that item (`isLooseListItem` checks the item's last character).","2. Link destinations: Prettier prints them from the parsed URL: `()` becomes `(<>)`, `` becomes `z`, and a URL with parentheses gets `<…>`.","1. HTML blocks indented up to 3 spaces: Prettier keeps the indent.","Most files first. The rules are in Prettier's `src/language-markdown/print/` (`mdast.js`, `children.js`, `list.js`): read them before guessing.","## Known gaps against Prettier","- **Prettier**: the target is Prettier 3.9.10. Format one copy with `prettier --no-config --no-editorconfig --ignore-path= --embedded-language-formatting=off --write .` and another with `fd -H -e md -X mdtidy --write`, then count identical files. The CLI skips hidden folders on purpose, so give it every file by name. Last result: A 870/872, B 2,140/2,142, C 3,412/3,466, D 272/310. The semantics oracle passes on A and B; C and D fail only on the bugs listed below. `bun fmt` is close (8 misses, all inside code blocks) but it is not the reference.","- **Speed**: build the old and the new CLI, then time both with `hyperfine -N --warmup 20 --runs 60 ' --check'` in both orders. Compare medians: means swing with machine load. Each fix on 2026-10-30 and 2026-11-01 was within noise; together they cost about 2–3% (about 38 to 39 ms on A + B).","- **Semantics**: `MDTIDY_CORPUS= cargo test -p mdtidy --release --test semantics`. Every output re-parses to the same events (adjacent text merged, soft breaks as spaces, whitespace collapsed) and settles after one pass. It runs the Prettier preset, the Preserve preset, `wrap: always` at width 40, and `wrap: never`. It caught every real bug so far: trust it over reading diffs. When a file fails, shrink it: remove lines while the structure events of input and output still differ, until a few lines are left.","- D: Prettier's own `tests/format` fixtures (310 files). They are edge cases on purpose, so don't rank gaps by them.","- C: angular (`angular-html-parser`), rolldown, jest, v, bootstrap, deno, deno_lint, oxc, Prettier's docs, and everything-claude-code (3,466 files, many not in English).","- B: starship + bun (2,142 files, without `node_modules`).","- A: vite + storybook + shadcn-svelte (872 files).","- **Prettier**: the target is Prettier 3.9.10. Format one copy with `prettier --no-config --no-editorconfig --ignore-path= --embedded-language-formatting=off --write .` and another with `fd -H -e md -X mdtidy --write`, then count identical files. The CLI skips hidden folders on purpose, so give it every file by name. Last result: 867/872 and 2,137/2,142. `bun fmt` is close (8 misses, all inside code blocks) but it is not the reference.","- **Speed**: build the old and the new CLI, then time both with `hyperfine -N --warmup 20 --runs 60 ' --check'` in both orders. Compare medians: means swing with machine load. Each fix on 2026-10-30 was within noise, and together they cost about 2–3%.","- **Semantics**: `MDTIDY_CORPUS= cargo test -p mdtidy --release --test semantics`. Every output re-parses to the same events (adjacent text merged, soft breaks as spaces, whitespace collapsed) and settles after one pass. It runs the Prettier preset, the Preserve preset, `wrap: always` at width 40, and `wrap: never`. It caught every real bug so far: trust it over reading diffs.","Both oracles live in the repo. Corpora don't: rebuild them with `git ls-files '*.md'` from any repos at hand. The 2026-11 runs used four corpora:","Both oracles live in the repo. Corpora don't: rebuild them with `git ls-files '*.md'` from any repos at hand. The 2026-10 runs used vite + storybook + shadcn-svelte (872 files) and starship + bun (2,142 files, without `node_modules`).","## Oracles","- **Prettier rules** (from `printer-markdown`): adjacent sibling lists alternate `-`/`*` and `.`/`)`, git-diff-friendly numbering, `isAligned` with tab width 2, `_` emphasis falling back to `*` next to a word or inside emphasis, `---` (or `***` inside a list), backtick fences one longer than any run inside, aligned tables that only compact under `wrap: never`, the block after `` on the very next line, code spans with the fewest backticks that no run inside matches, one space for each run of spaces in text, sibling definitions on adjacent lines, no trailing whitespace on code lines, and a task item's first paragraph indented past its box (`BOX`).","- **Code blocks are buffered** for the `format_with` callback. Front matter goes to it before parsing starts.","- **Code blocks and front matter are buffered** for the `format_with` callback.","- **Paragraphs are buffered only when wrapping** (`wrap.rs`). A line never starts with something that opens a block (`opens_block`).","- **An indented continuation line never opens a block** (`opener.rs`). Without its indent, a line starting with `>`, `#`, a list marker, a fence, a break, or a block HTML tag joins the line before; a line of `=` or `-` gets a backslash.","- **Front matter is found by hand**, with Prettier's rule, only at the very start (`front.rs`). pulldown-cmark's metadata flags are off because they find front matter anywhere, even inside a list item.","- **Blank lines between list items follow the source** (`Gap::Source`, `blank()`). Inside an item they follow the source too, unless the item is loose by Prettier's `isLooseListItem` (a blank line between direct children, or before the next item): then every block gets one, except a nested list.","- **Lookahead is a small buffer** (`Events`). It reads up to three ordered-list items for Prettier's numbering and alignment rules before the first item is written, and each item reads ahead to its end to decide whether it is loose (`loose`).","- **Blank lines inside and between list items follow the source** (`Gap::Source`, `blank()`), which is Prettier's `listItem.spread` rule. It also keeps list looseness by construction, so nothing tracks tightness.","- **Lookahead is a small buffer** (`Events`). It reads up to three ordered-list items for Prettier's numbering and alignment rules before the first item is written.","- **Containers are a prefix stack** (`Container`: quote, list item, footnote, indented code). A list item's marker replaces its indent on its first line.","- **The writer is a folder module.** `writer/mod.rs` holds the event loop and layout; `list.rs`, `code.rs`, and `inline.rs` are child modules that reach its private state. `front.rs` finds front matter and `opener.rs` finds lines that would open a block.","- **Blocks are normalized, inlines are mostly copied.** Text, HTML, entities, escapes, and image alt text are written as source slices. A text event's range starts after a backslash escape, so the writer extends it back one byte (`writer/mod.rs`, `Event::Text`). Text loses runs of spaces (`collapse`, which uses memchr so plain text costs no copy), code spans get their delimiters rewritten (`span`), and link text goes through the same path as other inline content (`Link`). Inline link and image targets and definitions are written from their parsed values (`writer/inline.rs`: `tail`, `definition`), except where that would read differently: then the source stays.","- **Blocks are normalized, inlines are mostly copied.** Text, HTML, entities, escapes, images, and the `](...)` part of a link are written as source slices. A text event's range starts after a backslash escape, so the writer extends it back one byte (`writer.rs`, `Event::Text`). Text loses runs of spaces (`collapse`, which uses memchr so plain text costs no copy), code spans get their delimiters rewritten (`span`), and link text goes through the same path as other inline content (`Link`).","One pass over pulldown-cmark's offset events, writing straight into a `String`. No tree and no layout document. 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